3D Analyst Tools ArcToolbox

Cost Path and as Polyline, Euclidean Allocation Tools

Cost Path

How to use Cost Path Tool in Arc Toolbox??

Cost Path

Path to access the tool

:

Cost Path Tool, Distance Toolset, Spatial Analyst Tools Toolbox

 

Cost Path

Calculates the least-cost path from a source to a destination.

1. Input raster or feature destination data

A raster or feature dataset that identifies those cells from which the least-cost path is determined to the least costly source.

If the input is a raster, the input consists of cells that have valid values (zero is a valid value), and the remaining cells must be assigned NoData.

2. Destination field (optional)

The field used to obtain values for the destination locations.

Input feature data must contain at least one valid field.

3. Input cost distance raster

The name of a cost distance raster to be used to determine the least-cost path from the destination locations to a source.

The cost distance raster is usually created with the Cost Distance, Cost Allocation or Cost Back Link tools. The cost distance raster stores, for each cell, the minimum accumulative cost distance over a cost surface from each cell to a set of source cells.

4. Input cost backlink raster

The name of a cost back link raster used to determine the path to return to a source via the least-cost path.

For each cell in the back link raster, a value identifies the neighbor that is the next cell on the least accumulative cost path from the cell to a single source cell or set of source cells.

5. Output raster

The output cost path raster.

The output raster is of integer type.

6. Path type (optional)

A keyword defining the manner in which the values and zones on the input destination data will be interpreted in the cost path calculations.

1. EACH_CELL— For each cell with valid values on the input destination data, a least-cost path is determined and saved on the output raster. With this option, each cell of the input destination data is treated separately, and a least-cost path is determined for each from cell.
2. EACH_ZONE— For each zone on the input destination data, a least-cost path is determined and saved on the output raster. With this option, the least-cost path for each zone begins at the cell with the lowest cost distance weighting in the zone.
3. BEST_SINGLE— For all cells on the input destination data, the least-cost path is derived from the cell with the minimum of the least-cost paths to source cells.

7. Force flow direction convention for backlink raster (optional)

Forces the tool to treat the input backlink raster as a flow direction raster. Flow direction rasters can have integer with values from 0-255.

1. Unchecked—The Input cost backlink raster will be interpreted differently based on the range of values and if it is integer or float. For a value range of 0-8, the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a backlink raster. For values 0-255 and integer, the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a flow direction raster. For a value range of 0-360 and floating point, the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a back direction raster.
2. Checked—The raster supplied for the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a flow direction raster. This is necessary if the flow direction raster has a maximum value of 8 or less.

Cost Path as Polyline

How to use Cost Path as Polyline Tool in Arc Toolbox??

Cost Path as Polyline

Path to access the tool

:

Cost Path as Polyline Tool, Distance Toolset, Spatial Analyst Tools Toolbox

 

Cost Path as Polyline

Calculates the least-cost path from a source to a destination as a line feature.

1. Input raster or feature destination data

A raster or feature dataset that identifies those cells from which the least-cost path is determined to the least costly source.

If the input is a raster, it must consist of cells that have valid values for the destinations, and the remaining cells must be assigned NoData. Zero is a valid value.

2. Destination Output polyline features

The output feature class that will hold the least cost path.

3. field (optional)

The field to be used to obtain values for the destination locations.

Input feature data must contain at least one valid field.

4. Input cost distance raster

The cost distance raster to be used to determine the least-cost path from the sources to the destinations.

The cost distance raster is usually created with the Cost Distance, Cost Allocation, or Cost Back Link tools.

5. Input cost backlink, back direction, or flow direction

The cost backlink raster to be used to determine the path to return to a source via the least-cost path, or the shortest path.

For each cell in a backlink, back direction, or flow direction raster, the value identifies the neighbor that is the next cell on the path from that cell to a source cell.

6. Output polyline features

The output feature class that will hold the least cost path.

7. Path type (optional)

Specifies a keyword defining the manner in which the values and zones on the input destination data will be interpreted in the cost path calculations.

1. BEST_SINGLE— For all cells on the input destination data, the least-cost path is derived from the cell with the minimum of the least-cost paths to source cells.
2. EACH_ZONE— For each zone on the input destination data, a least-cost path is determined and saved on the output raster. With this option, the least-cost path for each zone begins at the cell with the lowest cost distance weighting in the zone.
3. EACH_CELL— For each cell with valid values on the input destination data, a least-cost path is determined and saved on the output raster. With this option, each cell of the input destination data is treated separately, and a least-cost path is determined for each cell.

8. Force flow direction convention for backlink raster (optional)

Forces the tool to treat the input backlink raster as a flow direction raster. Flow direction rasters can have integer with values from 0-255.

1. Unchecked—The Input cost backlink raster will be interpreted differently based on the range of values and if it is integer or float. For a value range of 0-8, the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a backlink raster. For values 0-255 and integer, the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a flow direction raster. For a value range of 0-360 and floating point, the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a back direction raster.
2. Checked—The raster supplied for the Input cost backlink raster will be treated as a flow direction raster. This is necessary if the flow direction raster has a maximum value of 8 or less. 

Euclidean Allocation

How to use Euclidean Allocation Tool in Arc Toolbox??

Euclidean Allocation

Path to access the tool

:

Euclidean Allocation Tool, Distance Toolset, Spatial Analyst Tools Toolbox

 

Euclidean Allocation

Calculates, for each cell, the nearest source based on Euclidean distance.

1. Input raster or feature source data

The input source locations.

This is a raster or feature dataset that identifies the cells or locations to which the Euclidean distance for every output cell location is calculated.

For rasters, the input type can be integer or floating point.

If the input source raster is floating point, the Input value raster parameter must be set, and it must be integer. The value raster will take precedence over the Source field parameter setting.

2. Source field (optional)

The field used to assign values to the source locations. It must be of integer type.

If the Input value raster parameter has been set,

3. Output allocation raster

The output Euclidean allocation raster.

The cell values (zones) identify the nearest source location.

The output raster is of integer type.

4. Input barrier raster or feature class (optional)

The dataset that defines the barriers.

The barriers can be defined by an integer or a floating-point raster, or by a feature layer.

5. Input value raster (optional)

The input integer raster that identifies the zone values that will be used for each input source location.

For each source location (cell or feature), the Input value raster value will be assigned to all cells allocated to the source location for the computation. The value raster will take precedence over the Source field parameter setting.

6. Maximum distance (optional)

The threshold that the accumulative distance values cannot exceed.

If an accumulative Euclidean distance value exceeds this value, the output value for the cell location will be NoData.

The default distance is to the edge of the output raster.

7. Output cell size (optional)

The cell size of the output raster that will be created.

This parameter can be defined by a numeric value or obtained from an existing raster dataset. If the cell size hasn't been explicitly specified as the parameter value, the environment cell size value will be used if specified; otherwise, additional rules will be used to calculate it from the other inputs. See the usage for more detail.

8. Distance method (optional) طريقة المسافة (اختياري)

Specifies whether to calculate the distance using a planar (flat earth) or a geodesic (ellipsoid) method.

1. PLANAR—The distance calculation will be performed on a projected flat plane using a 2D Cartesian coordinate system. This is the default.
2. GEODESIC—The distance calculation will be performed on the ellipsoid. Therefore, regardless of input or output projection, the results do not change.

9. Output distance raster (optional)

The output Euclidean distance raster.

The distance raster identifies, for each cell, the Euclidean distance to the closest source cell, set of source cells, or source location.

The output raster is of floating-point type.

10. Output direction raster (optional)

The output Euclidean direction raster.

The direction raster contains the calculated direction, in degrees, that each cell center is from the closest source cell center.

The range of values is from 0 degrees to 360 degrees, with 0 reserved for the source cells. Due east (right) is 90, and the values increase clockwise (180 is south, 270 is west, and 360 is north).

The output raster is of integer type.

11. Output back direction raster (optional)

The output Euclidean back direction raster.

The back direction raster contains the calculated direction in degrees. The direction identifies the next cell along the shortest path back to the closest source while avoiding barriers.

The range of values is from 0 degrees to 360 degrees, with 0 reserved for the source cells. Due east (right) is 90, and the values increase clockwise (180 is south, 270 is west, and 360 is north).

The output raster is of type float.