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Geodetic Networks

Geodetic Surveying:

• Many people call it the high-end space because through it the survey devices are adopted in accuracy and complex calculations. This type of space is concerned with determining the locations and heights of clear points on the surface of the earth, taking into account the true shape of the Earth and its natural or atmospheric characteristics that may be affected by the output results.

Through it, geodetic networks are also established, whose heads consist of points:

These points, which have been located and called the points of the triangles, are considered the first basis of the planar space, in any place in the world, if there was no space before, a geodesic space must be created, through which the place is divided into a network of triangles with long sides that can be Their height reaches 80 kilometres, sometimes they are called triangles of the first degree, and these large triangles are divided into smaller and smaller triangles until the length of the sides is between one kilo and five kilometres. In this case, they are called triangles of the fifth degree, and they are sometimes called traverse triangles.

What the surveyor or surveying engineers do by raising the various features in this small triangle, the fifth degree is called the normal topographic area.

simple introduction

1. Geodetic surveying is a branch of terrestrial surveying, which is related to a section of surveying (ground, air, and marine).
2. There are concepts synonymous with engineering networks such as signal network, control point network, and control network. In many cases, the network is measured precisely by ground-based techniques for surveying or by satellite. The geodetic control network consists of fixed points that can be identified with values ​​derived from observations that Connect the dots together.
3. Many organizations contribute data to the creation of any geodesic network, the points of which are often determined in both space and time and using global or space technology. In the past, networks were created by triangulation through measurements of angles and some distances, and an accurate orientation towards the geographical north is achieved through scientific methods. Geodetic astronomy The geodetic use of satellites began to identify global networks that provided support for the theory of plate tectonics.
4. It has a name called by many specialists in geodetic networks, which is the high-end space, especially because these networks are interested in determining locations and heights on the surface of the earth, taking into account the true shape of the earth.

The importance of geodetic networks

1. First of all, these geodetic networks are an essential part of all surveying works and engineering projects, and this is done before entering any procedure or any actual measurements. These networks aim to determine the best shape for them in terms of the locations of their points and the type of observations in order to achieve high-quality on-demand, at the lowest cost and shortening of time.
2. The surveyor always seeks to make the cost of the survey work in terms of time as minimal as possible to maintain the quality, accuracy and reliability of the network. In the past, the design of geodesic networks depended on experience, sense and previous results of similar work, but now the best can be found due to the availability of appropriate technologies, devices and computer programs.
3. All survey work and the creation of maps on the networks of triangles, which is the basic structure of these and other works, the design of geodetic networks through the selection of devices and the necessary monitoring methods and their times, as well as choosing the location of the points and their distribution so that the network gives the required quality and at the lowest cost.
4. The difference between planar and geodesic Plane surveying is concerned with showing small portions of the Earth's surface. The influence of the Earth's spherical shape on these measurements is small and can be neglected.
5. The effect of the Earth's sphericity becomes evident when large parts of the Earth's surface are shown, so the true spherical shape of the Earth cannot be neglected; This is called geodetic surveying. Before surveys

When conducting a survey of a specific area, this area must be covered with a group of triangles that are fixed and marked in a way that makes it easy for us to refer to them at any time and in a way that does not allow them to be lost, and the vertices of these triangles are called Triangulation stations.

The points of the triangles are selected and determined through:

1. An exploration process for the required area and the establishment of a triangular network for it to know the heights and obstacles that may hinder the evening vision between the cat, as well as the means of transportation necessary to move between the different points and simple surveying devices such as theodolite and tapes can be used in the exploration process.
2. Make a sketch plan for the area if there are no previous maps for it.
3. Determining the locations of points in nature in a way that ensures their stability and unaffected by erosion, drilling or other factors.
4. The bullet points for the first-class networks in each country are built according to the standards found in that country.
5. Each triangle point is linked to at least three points, and these points are buried underground for reference and use when the original point is lost for any reason.

An important note about the points of triangles

• These points, which have been located and called the points of the triangles, are considered the first basis of the planar space, in any place in the world, if there was no space before, a geodesic space must be created, through which the place is divided into a network of triangles with long sides that can be Their height reaches 80 kilometres, sometimes they are called triangles of the first degree, and these large triangles are divided into smaller and smaller triangles until the length of the sides is between one kilo and five kilometres. In this case, they are called triangles of the fifth degree, and they are sometimes called traverse triangles.

What the surveyor or surveying engineers do by raising the various features in this small triangle, the fifth degree is called the normal topographic area.